You said you deleted only MS fonts at first. Since you now only left System fonts, run Font Finagler, it could still be a font in the font caches somewhere. How many fonts are listed in System/Library/Fonts?

Can you launch anything MS in Safe Boot mode to see if it is a third party item or font.

Install this again;

http://support.apple.com/kb/DL1573

Try this too;

Open the Terminal (located in Applications/Utilities)
Type: sudo update_prebinding -root / -force and press Return.
When prompted for a password, enter your admin password, you won't be able to see characters being typed, and press Return again. The process is complete when the Terminal returns to a normal prompt.
Type exit and press Return.